No, they don't. Humans do, but small animals (up to and including wolf size) can run through them, with the big ones preferring openings when present. Bears can smash fences.
It's been said that a double layer of fences confound animals, although I haven't tried myself. I line the inside of the fence guarding my fields with fox pawboards and/or snares. I still get some birds and hares in them, though, but the somewhat larger animals tend not to walk through small traps, even when they can (large animals can walk through small traps without taking any harm, while still triggering the traps. Humans can intentionally dismantle traps and pass through them without triggering them (assuming they know the traps are there).